In France, becoming a psychologist requires a commitment to higher education, rigor and a pronounced taste for this discipline. Having briefly dealt with the subject in our psychologist job fact sheet, we're now going to look at the courses of study and specializations available to psychology students.
Why become a psychologist?
The profession of psychologist offers a unique opportunity to contribute to the mental and emotional well-being of individuals, and thus to the general improvement of the population's health. In its own way, it represents a genuine link of trust and expertise for patients whose lives are accelerating and becoming stressful. These professionals play a crucial role in the prevention, diagnosis and support of psychological disorders, while actively participating in the improvement of collective mental health.
To succeed in this profession, certain qualities are essential: excellent listening skills, a well-developed analytical mind, emotional stability and excellent communication skills. Empathy and benevolence are also fundamental to establishing a healthy, constructive relationship with those who consult them.
The academic route to becoming a psychologist
The path to becoming a psychologist begins - notwithstanding the baccalauréat - with a degree in psychology. The three years that make up this first stage cover all branches of psychology, whether clinical, developmental, social or cognitive. The teaching is essentially theoretical, and is designed to provide students with the resources they need to go on to a Master's degree.
This is the second stage before becoming a psychologist. It is compulsory for those wishing to practice. The Master's degree lasts two years and is designed to deepen theoretical and practical knowledge. This time, students divide their time between theoretical courses and internships in a variety of settings, whether in hospitals, retirement homes or elsewhere. With a minimum duration of 500 hours, this practical aspect equips students with the experience they need to go into practice.
After five years of study to become a psychologist, the student who has just obtained his or her master's degree is awarded the title of psychologist and, after registering with ADELI, can now practice the profession and apply for psychologist job vacancies.
Although a doctorate in psychology is available, it is not essential. It is reserved for those who wish to go into research or higher education.
This course of study can be taken at public universities or private schools.
The different specializations in psychology
The health sector is vast, and to cover all its needs, its professions often resort to a system of specializations. Psychology is no exception, with its many strata, all of which are disciplines in their own right. To practice them, you need to train in them in addition to the Master's degree common to all psychologists. These specialties include
- Clinical psychology : focuses on the assessment, diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders. This specialization provides support for patients suffering from various mental pathologies.
- Occupational psychology : this is the psychology of the workplace. Its aim is to improve working conditions, manage conflicts and optimize team performance. It is also involved in recruitment and professional development.
- Child and adolescent psychology : focuses on the development and support of young people. It takes place in schools, medical-psychological centers or private practice.
- Neuropsychology and other specialties : studies the relationship between the brain and behavior.
Note that there are other, rarer specialties, such as social psychology, cognitive psychology or forensic psychology, which we will cover in dedicated articles.
In short, the university curriculum for becoming a psychologist in France is simple, but not simplistic. Its clear itinerary enables students to concentrate on their learning without losing focus, so as to be able to practice as soon as they graduate.
If you enjoyed this article and would like to find out more, see our psychologist salary sheet.