Studies : Emergency doctor

Becoming an emergency doctor is a demanding and rewarding career. At the heart of the emergency room, emergency physicians must make vital decisions under pressure. This article explores the education required to embark on this exciting career. It covers the requirements for initial medical training, specialization in emergency medicine, and the essential skills and qualities you need to develop to excel in this field. Whether you're a student considering emergency medicine or a healthcare professional looking to specialize, knowing the course is the first step to an outstanding career.

Key steps to becoming an emergency physician

After the baccalauréat

Before entering higher education, future emergency physicians need to pass the baccalauréat, preferably in a scientific stream, as the course requires a solid foundation that other streams do not offer. Thereafter, students wishing to pursue health studies (see our general practitioner job description) have two options:

• The Specific Health Access Pathway (PASS)

• Introduced in 2020 to replace the former Première Années Commune aux Études de Santé (PACES), the PASS is a year of study combining a health major with a minor from another discipline. This structure enables students to diversify their skills and offers them the possibility of reorienting their studies.
• Students are assessed on the basis of continuous assessment and final exams.
• Those who pass can go on to study in the health sector.
• Those who fail can reorient themselves towards their minor before, if they so wish, trying their luck again.
• The PASS approach reduces the pressure of the single PACES exam, while diversifying students' skills.

• The Health Access Licence (L.AS)

• Introduced in 2020 to diversify the range of training courses available in health studies, the L.AS is a course combining any major (law, humanities, economics, etc.) with a specific health minor (biology, physiology, etc.).
• At the end of the first, second or third year, and if they have passed the minimum requirements, students can apply for health studies. They then sit specific exams. Depending on their performance, they may be rejected or admitted to the second year of medical school.
• The L.AS allows students to follow a diversified pathway, favoring skills and reorientation.

General medical studies

After the PASS or L.AS (see above), general medical studies are divided into two parts:

• The Diplôme de Formation Générale en Sciences Médicales (DFGSM) : a three-year course (the PASS and L.AS count as the first) comprising theoretical courses in medical sciences and clinical placements in hospitals.
• Diplôme de Formation Approfondie en Sciences Médicales (DFASM): a direct continuation of the DFGSM, this is a three-year course of study incorporating specialist courses and advanced internships in various hospital departments.

End-of-clerkship examinations

During the final year of the second cycle, students must pass a series of tests which, depending on their results and rankings, will enable them to choose their specialty, as well as their city. Here's the list:

• Épreuves dématérialisées nationales (EDN): these take place in October and account for 60% of the final grade. To pass, students must obtain a mark of at least 14/20 in the theoretical knowledge required by all doctors, regardless of their specialty.
• Objective and Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCE): these are held in May and account for 30% of the final grade. They test students' ability to develop clinical reasoning and problem-solving skills. The minimum grade is 10/20.
• Academic progress grade: this continuous assessment takes into account the student's commitment, curriculum, mobility and level of English, and accounts for 10% of the final grade.

Specialization in emergency medicine: curriculum and requirements

Once students have completed their general medical studies , they can specialize in emergency medicine. They can choose between a Diplôme d'Études Spécialisées Complémentaires (DESC) in emergency medicine or a two-year training program as a specialist in anesthesia and intensive care. These courses are divided into theoretical and practical training:

• theoreticaltraining: interns follow theoretical courses covering the various aspects of emergency medicine. They attend seminars and conferences to keep abreast of the latest advances and research in the field.
• Practicaltraining : emergency medicine interns participate in the work of various emergency services, such as pediatric emergency, anesthesia and hospital emergency.

Internships and practical experience

Internships are a crucial component of training. They enable students to familiarize themselves with the dynamic environment of emergency services and develop practical skills in real-life situations. These experiences are essential for learning how to manage emergency situations effectively, make rapid decisions and work as part of a team.

Skills and qualities required of an emergency physician

An emergency physician must possess a wide range of technical and medical skills, including the ability to perform emergency procedures, use specialized medical equipment and apply in-depth medical knowledge in an emergency context. Proficiency in resuscitation and first aid is also essential.

Beyond technical skills, certain personal qualities are essential, such as the ability to work under pressure, excellent communication skills, empathy or resilience. The ability to make quick decisions and remain calm in critical situations is paramount.

Additional certifications and training

Additional certifications in emergency care and resuscitation can be beneficial to an emergency physician's career, as they provide advanced skills in resuscitation and trauma management.

As medicine is a constantly evolving field, continuing education is a major issue. Emergency physicians can further specialize in areas such as disaster medicine or aviation medicine. This training broadens skills and career opportunities.

Career and development opportunities for emergency physicians

Eventually, the specialist can apply for emergency physician jobs with more responsibility, such as head of emergency services, emergency medicine coordinator, or emergency care trainer. Specializations in specific areas of emergency medicine can also offer rewarding career prospects.

In addition, the skills of an emergency physician are recognized and sought after internationally, offering career opportunities abroad. Collaboration with other medical and paramedical disciplines opens up prospects for professional development in interdisciplinary fields.

In conclusion, the path to becoming an emergency physician in France is both rigorous and rewarding, requiring years of in-depth academic and clinical training. From the initial introduction to medicine via the PASS or L.AS, through to post-ECN specialist studies, each stage is designed to equip future doctors with the skills and knowledge they need to excel in emergency environments. The Emergency Medicine Internship offers full immersion in the spectrum of emergency care, reinforcing skills in rapid decision-making, crisis management and direct medical care. Success in this field relies not only on the acquisition of medical knowledge, but also on the development of personal and professional resilience, essential for navigating the unique challenges of medical emergencies. For those who aspire to this career, the path is demanding, but the rewards numerous.

If you enjoyed this article and would like to find out more about this profession, take a look at our job description for emergency physicians!